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Tapazol (Methimazole) is used for:
✔ Graves' Disease & Hyperthyroidism – For patients in whom surgery or radioactive iodine therapy is not an option.
✔ Preparation for Thyroidectomy or Radioactive Iodine Therapy – Helps control thyroid hormone levels before treatment.
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✅ Description:
Methimazole inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking the enzyme thyroid peroxidase, which is required to make thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
✔ It does NOT inactivate already stored thyroid hormones.
✔ Absorbed through the GI tract, metabolized in the liver, and excreted in the urine.
✔️ Composition
✔️ Dosage & Administration
✔ Adults:
- Mild Hyperthyroidism: 15 mg daily (divided into 3 doses, every 8 hours).
- Moderate Hyperthyroidism: 30–40 mg daily (divided into 3 doses).
- Severe Hyperthyroidism: 60 mg daily (divided into 3 doses).
- Maintenance dose: 5–15 mg daily.
✔ Pediatrics:
- Initial dose: 0.4 mg/kg/day (divided into 3 doses).
- Maintenance dose: Half of the initial dose.
⚠ For children, Methimazole is preferred over Propylthiouracil due to lower liver toxicity risks.
✔️ Side Effect
✔ Common Side Effects:
- Skin rash, nausea, vomiting, headache, muscle pain.
- Dizziness, drowsiness, itching, hair loss, loss of taste.
⚠ Serious Side Effects (Rare but Severe):
- Agranulocytosis (Low White Blood Cells) – Symptoms: Fever, sore throat.
- Liver Toxicity – Jaundice, liver enzyme elevation.
- Blood Disorders – Low platelets (thrombocytopenia), aplastic anemia.
- Lupus-like Syndrome, Nephritis, Hypoprothrombinemia (Increased Bleeding Risk).
🚨 Seek immediate medical attention if you experience fever, persistent sore throat, yellowing of skin/eyes, or unusual bleeding.
✔️ Drug & Food Interactions
⚠ Drug Interactions:
- Oral Anticoagulants (Warfarin) – May increase risk of bleeding, so PT/INR levels should be monitored.
- Beta-Blockers – Hyperthyroidism increases clearance of beta-blockers; dose may need adjustment.
- Digitalis Glycosides (e.g., Digoxin) – Dosage reduction may be required when thyroid function normalizes.
- Theophylline – Lower dose may be needed as clearance is reduced in euthyroid patients.
⚠ Food Interaction:
- Take Tapazol at the same time daily in relation to meals as food may unpredictably affect absorption
✔️ 🚫 Do NOT use Tapazol if you have:
- Allergy to Methimazole or any ingredients.
✔️ Overdose Effects
🚨 Symptoms of Overdose:
- Severe nausea, vomiting, fever, joint pain, rash, headache, dizziness.
- Severe cases: Blood disorders, liver or kidney damage, CNS depression/stimulation.
✔ Management: Supportive treatment based on symptoms.
✔️ Use in Pregnancy & Lactation
⚠ Pregnancy Category D:
- Tapazol can cross the placenta and may cause fetal harm (congenital malformations), especially in the first trimester.
- Alternative drugs are preferred in early pregnancy.
- If used, the lowest effective dose should be given.
⚠ Breastfeeding:
- Tapazol passes into breast milk, but monitoring the baby’s thyroid function can ensure safe use.
✔️ Precautions & Warnings
⚠ Congenital Malformations
- Tapazol crosses the placenta and can cause fetal goiter and hypothyroidism.
- Monitor thyroid function closely and use the lowest dose possible during pregnancy.
⚠ Agranulocytosis (Severe Low WBC Count)
- Rare but life-threatening side effects.
- Symptoms: Sudden fever, sore throat, mouth ulcers.
- Immediate medical attentionis required.
⚠ Liver Toxicity
- Risk of liver damage is lower than Propylthiouracil (PTU), but still possible.
- Monitor liver enzymes and discontinue if severe liver damage occurs.
⚠ Hypothyroidism
- Tapazol can lead to underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism).
- Monitor TSH & Free T4 levels to adjust dose accordingly.
⚠ Bleeding Risk
- Tapazol may reduce prothrombin levels, increasing bleeding risk, especially before surgery.
- Monitor blood clotting parameters (PT/INR) if on anticoagulants.
✔️ Storage Conditions
✔ Store below 30°C in a cool, dry place away from light and moisture.
✔ Keep out of reach of children.
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here information is for informational purposes only.
The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute
for the advice of a qualified physician. This may not cover
everything about particular health conditions,
lab tests, medicines, all possible side effects, drug interactions,
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